The OWASP Top 10 2025 - Deep Dive

Master broken access control by understanding discretionary, mandatory, role-based, and attribute-based models; learn IDOR and privilege escalation risks, and apply mitigations like permission checks, least privilege, multi-factor authentication, and monitoring.

Explore security misconfiguration across apps, computers, networks, and cloud, including default credentials and verbose errors. Apply mitigations such as patching, least privilege, proper permissions, and automated scanners.

Explore software supply chain failures, including dependency hijacking, unsigned updates, and CI-CD compromises, and learn how to protect ecosystems with digital signatures and SBOMs.

Examine cryptographic failures that expose data at rest or in transit, from weak encryption and deprecated algorithms to hard-coded keys or secrets, with lessons from Panama Papers and PlayStation.

Explore injection attacks, including SQL injection, command, log, and prompt injections, and see how they act as force multipliers. Learn three prevention strategies: parameterized queries, input validation, and least privilege.

Understand how databases organize data into tables, master sql commands like select, insert, update, delete, and anticipate sql injection in web applications.

Explore how SQL injection attacks target databases by manipulating inputs to trigger unauthorized actions, then learn how parameterized statements, input escaping, and sanitizing inputs prevent these breaches.

Explore cross-site scripting attacks, a client-side threat that injects malicious scripts into vulnerable pages to hijack cookies and enable session hijacking, often via user input.

Explore insecure design and threat modeling to prevent software vulnerabilities, using stride methodology and data classification within the six-phase software development cycle.

Apply the six security principles to prevent insecure design, including least privilege, input validation, and tenant segregation. Encrypt data at rest, fail securely, and log traffic type and volume.

Identify and prevent authentication failures by securing passwords, session tokens, and login processes. Address brute force, weak passwords, insecure credential recovery, knowledge-based questions, and phishing risks.

Prevent identification and authentication failures by enforcing strong passwords, limiting login attempts with timeouts, using generic login and reset messages, enabling two-factor authentication, and removing default credentials.

Understand how software and data integrity failures arise when updates and pipelines lack verification, illustrated by the SolarWinds attack, and learn strategies to prevent auto updates from compromising security.

Protect software and data integrity by using digital signatures, adopting dependency checks from OWASP, enforcing code reviews, and applying integrity checks before sharing data with untrusted parties.

Learn how security logging and monitoring failures leave breaches undetected, due to insufficient monitoring, missing logins and transactions, warnings, false positives, and poor escalation and real time alert practices.

Prevent security logging and monitoring failures by logging every login attempt and high-value transactions with user context, retaining logs for forensic analysis, and enforcing tamper-proof audit trails and response plans.

Explore the updated OWASP top ten api security risks for 2023–2027 and understand how api vulnerabilities differ from traditional web app risks.

Explore how an API enables communication between software, covering interfaces, abstraction, web and library APIs, request and response, Json and XML formats, and authentication and security.

Explore API endpoints, including get, post, put, and delete operations, with concrete movie database examples, and learn how clients interact with endpoints to access and manage resources.

Identify broken object level authorization (bola) vulnerability, where missing authorization checks on object IDs in requests enable access to resources, with examples like admin vs user and vin-based vehicle controls.

Understand that authentication precedes authorization, and implement protections against broken authentication with rate limiting, strong passwords, and multi-factor authentication.

Dive into API3:2023 broken object property level authorization and mass assignment risks. Expose only authorized properties and apply schema based response validation across API methods.

An in-depth look at unrestricted resource consumption in APIs, covering memory, cpu, bandwidth, and limits on uploads, processes, and requests, with defense strategies and third-party risks.

Understand how broken function level authorization arises from poorly enforced group-based permissions and misused get and post endpoints. Apply default-deny enforcement, review endpoints for function-level flaws, and secure admin controllers.

Discover how attackers exploit unrestricted access to sensitive business flows by identifying resources and bypassing controls, mitigate with business-aware and technical protections such as device fingerprinting and non-human pattern recognition.

Protect against server side request forgery by validating and sanitizing user-supplied URLs, disabling http redirects, and isolating resource fetching to prevent internal network access and information leakage.

Identify how security misconfiguration allows attackers to exploit unpatched flaws, default configurations, insecure permissions, and missing TLS across the API stack, and apply repeatable hardening and configuration reviews.

Learn how improper inventory management enables attackers to exploit outdated API versions and third-party data flows, and how to retire older versions and inventory assets to prevent supply chain attacks.

Explore API10:2023 unsafe consumption of APIs, where attackers exploit third party integrations by using unvalidated data from external services, and learn secure channels, data sanitization, and cautious redirects.

Conclude the OWASP top 10 course by demonstrating a clear understanding of each of the 10 categories and preparing for cybersecurity endeavors.